Optical SurfaceOxidation Silver Carbon LiquidCrystal margarine Fujian non_contact Sulfur AAO KevlarFiber DLaTGS kelvin probe force microscopy cross section Collagen Switching #EC PhaseChange NUS semifluorinated alkane IMT_Bucharest BismuthVanadate frequency_modulation Deposition ScratchMode Ito BiFeO3 LDPE MechanicalProperties SiWafer Copper Dopped PolymerPatterns PVA PMNPT