VerticalPFM Oxidation StyreneBeads norganic molecule Crystal NtuEee EPFL CntFilm Growth PyroelectricDetector ForceMapping DomainSwitching Mechinical Electronics Molybdenum_disulfide mechanical property MESA structure DLaTGS Morphology Austenite Nickel Monisha SelfAssembly Scanning_Thermal_Microscopy Sulfur OpticalWaveguide PDMS Carbon SKPM Treatment plastics Bismuth DeoxyribonucleicAcid Corrosion