ForceVolume Hole norganic Epoxy Copper Morphology piezoelectric force microscopy NUS PECurve Sapphire PolyvinylideneFluoride rubber HiVacuum Floppy MechanicalProperty align SiliconCrystal PtfeMembrane Wonseok Perovskite layers MoirePattern BTO STO TyphimuriumBiofilm ferromagnetic Biology YttriaStabilizedZirconia MfmAmplitude Calcium NusEce PolycrystallineFerroelectricBCZT WS2 3-hexylthiophene Potential