AmplitudeModulation mechanical property Fluoride ScanningIon-ConductanceMicroscopy solar_cell LithiumNiobate HexagonalBoronNitride Microchannel HafniumDioxide blended polymers Blood PVAP3HT C_AFM Fujian block_copolymer molecular_beam Temasek_Lab Nanopattern temp dielectric trench Al2O3 bias_mode Nickel silicon_oxide thermal_conductivity temperature controller AFM Workfunction KPFM Tungsten_disulfide Optoelectonics Chemical Vapor Deposition Roughness temperature_control Wildtype India