Topography Butterfly optoelectronics Polyvinylidene IRDetector KPFM Pvdf ElectrostaticForceMicroscopy Liquid light_emission Sapphire LifeScience Barium_titanate light_emitting MBE Styrene amplitude_modulation Magnetic Mosfet nanobar TemperatureControlledAFM DataStorage HexacontaneFilm Fet SFAs thermal_conductivity Patterns HanyangUniv FastScan Pzt Optical Device Defect SurfaceChange PolyStylene